Biosensor is an analytical equipment in the form of a small portable unit into which test substance is incorporated directly without pre-processing it. It consists of a biological element, detector element and associated electronics or signal processors that are responsible for display of results. In recent years, immuno-sensors have become important due to increased focus on environmental biohazards. Moreover, biosensors have a vast applicability in the fields of food analysis, bio-molecules interaction study, manufacturing of pharmaceuticals, crime detection, medical diagnosis, industrial process control, detection systems for biological warfare agents and organ replacement. Taking advantage of miniaturization, biosensors have become inexpensive and easy-to-handle. Despite the huge potential its application is restricted which can be improved by sensitivity, response time and lifetime. This review focus and throws light on principle, configuration, applications and recent market available biosensors found useful for mankind.
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